الحمد لله رب العالمين، وصلى الله وسلم على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وأصحابه أجمعين، أما بعد
Ibn al-Qayyim (rahimahullaah) said: “So the entry of the Muslim in the company of the overall body of the Muslims in the pledge of Islaam is from the greatest factors in rendering of benefit of each of the Muslims to its associate – in one’s lifetime as well as after one’s death, and the supplication of the Muslims encompasses them from behind.
Allaah, The Glorious, has indeed informed concerning the bearers of the Throne and those around it that they seek forgiveness for the believers and supplicate for them, He likewise informed concerning the supplication of His Messengers and of their seeking forgiveness for the believers, such as Nooh and Ibraheem and Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam). Therefore the servant; due to his Eemaan; he gives reason for the advent of this supplication to himself.”[1]
Regarding the supplication of the Messengers for the believers, then Allaah, The Mighty and Majestic, mentioned regarding Nooh (‘alahis salaam) that he said:
رَّبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِمَن دَخَلَ بَيْتِيَ مُؤْمِنًا وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ
((My Lord; forgive me, and my parents, and whoever enters my home as a believer, and the believing men and believing women.)) (Nooh: 28)
Likewise He, The Most High, said regarding Ibraheem (‘alahis salaam) that he said:
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ
((Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers on the Day when the reckoning will be established.)) (Ibraheem: 41)
He, The Most High, said to the Prophet Muhammad (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam):
فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِذَنبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ
((So know that none has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, and ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and believing women.)) (Muhammad: 19)
Supplicating to Allaah for others in the absence of presence and its virtues have been cited in many authentic ahaadeeth, and these supplications do not just benefit the one being supplicated for; but likewise the one who supplicates to Allaah in the absence of the presence of the one he supplicates for. On the authority of Abu Dardaa (radhiyallaahu ‘anhu) who said that he heard the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) say:
مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَدْعُو لأَخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ، إِلاَّ قَالَ الْمَلَكُ: وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ
((There is no Muslim servant who supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, except that the Angel says: ‘and for you be the like.’))[2]
Umm Dardaa said that her husband Abu Dardaa (radhiyallaahu ‘anhumaa) narrated to her that he heard the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) say:
مَنْ دَعَا لأَخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ، قَالَ الْمَلَكُ الْمُوَكَّلُ بِهِ: آمِينَ، وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ
((Whoever supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, the Angel commissioned with it says: ‘Ameen; and for you be the like.’))[3]
Likewise the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) would say:
دَعْوةُ المرءِ المُسْلِمِ لأَخيهِ بِظَهْرِ الغَيْبِ مُسْتَجَابةٌ، عِنْد رأْسِهِ ملَكٌ مُوكَّلٌ كلَّمَا دَعَا لأَخِيهِ بخيرٍ قَال المَلَكُ المُوكَّلُ بِهِ: آمِينَ، ولَكَ بمِثْلٍ
((The supplication of the Muslim for his brother in the absence of presence is answered, at his head is a commissioned Angel, whenever he supplicates for his brother with good, the Angel commissioned with it says: ‘Ameen; and for you be the like.’))[4]
What is Meant by Supplicating in the Absence of Presence and the Response of the Angels – and the Significance of This
From Abee Dardaa (radhiyallaahu ‘anhu) who said that he heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) say:
إِذَا دَعَا الرَّجُلُ لِأَخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ قَالَتْ الْمَلَائِكَةُ آمِينَ وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ
((When a man supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, the Angels say: ‘Ameen – and for you be the like.’))[5]
Al-Adheem Abaadi (rahimahullaah) said in his explanation of this hadeeth:
إِذَا دَعَا الرَّجُلُ لِأَخِيهِ
“((When a man supplicates for his brother))
Meaning: the believer.
بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ
((in the absence of presence))
Meaning: in the absence of the one being supplicated for, and if he is present along with him then he supplicates for him with his heart at that time or with his tongue – and he does not hear him.
قَالَتْ الْمَلَائِكَةُ آمِينَ
((The Angels say: ‘Ameen’))
Meaning: grant him response O Lord in his supplication for his brother.
وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ
((and for you be the like.))
May there be in it a consideration or may Allaah respond to your supplication in the right of your brother. May Allaah grant you the like of that which you asked for your brother.
Some of the Salaf; if one of them intended to supplicate for themselves; he would supplicate for his Muslim brother with that supplication so that the Angel should supplicate for him with the like of it, thus it would be of greater assistance in being answered.”[6]
Imaam an-Nawawee (rahimahullaah) said: “Some of the Salaf, if one of them intended to supplicate for himself; then he would supplicate for his Muslim brother with that supplication, because it is answered, and he attains the like of that.”[7]
Shaikh ul Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah (rahimahullaah) said: “The supplication of the absent for the absent is more significant in being answered than the supplication of the one who is present, because it is more complete in sincerity and further from shirk. So how then does the supplication of the one who supplicates for other than himself – without there being a request from him (for that) resemble that of the supplication of the one who supplicates to Allaah due to his request – and he is present?”[8]
Shaikh ul Islaam mentioned likewise: “And from that which is legislated in supplication is the supplication of the absent for one who is absent, and it is due to this that the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa aalihi wa sallam) commanded with sending salaat upon him, and of our seeking waseelah[9] for him. He likewise informed of that which there is in that for us by way of reward when we supplicate with that.”[10]
The significance and implication of the statement of the Angel has likewise been discussed by the people of knowledge; from them was Abu Bakr at-Turtushee (rahimahullaah) who said regarding the hadeeth:
مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَدْعُو لأَخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ، إِلاَّ قَالَ الْمَلَكُ: وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ
((There is no Muslim servant who supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, except that the Angel says: ‘and for you be the like.’))
“This hadeeth procures a tremendous point of benefit; because if you are answered in regard to your brother because he is absent from you, then we hope that the Angel will also be answered in regard to you – because you are absent from him.”[11]
Similarly Al-Qurtubee stated when commenting on the same hadeeth: “The Muslim here is: he from whom the Muslims are safeguarded from his tongue and his hand, the one who loves for the people what he loves for himself, because it is this that incites his circumstance and his compassion over his Muslim brother to supplicate for him in the absence of presence – meaning: in a state of his absence from him.
The state of absence has indeed been specified with mention due to its remoteness from dissimulation and corrupt or impaired objectives, since in a state of absence; sincerity becomes unadulterated and the intent of seeking The Face of Allaah, The Most High, is rendered correct by way of that. So the Angel conforms with him in the supplication, and he has been given the glad tidings upon the tongue of his Messenger (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) that for him is the like of that which he supplicated with for his brother, and brotherhood here is: religious brotherhood, and there may be friendship and acquaintance accompanied with it, and yet there may not be, and it may be specified, and yet it may not be specified.
Indeed; when the person supplicates for his Muslim brothers – wherever they may be, and he is truthful to Allaah in his supplication and is sincere in it when in a state of absence from them – or from some of them, the Angel says that statement to him. Rather his reward may be greater, because he supplicated with good, and he intended it for Islaam, and for all of the Muslims, and Allaah, The Most High, Knows best.”[12]
Supplicating for Others and Seeking Forgiveness for Them – A Characteristic of the Angels
Allaah, The Most High, said regarding the supplication of the Angels for the believers:
الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
((Those [Angels] who bear the Throne [of Allaah] and those around it glorify the praises of their Lord, and believe in Him, and ask forgiveness for those who believe.)) (Ghaafir: 7)
With regard to His saying:
وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
((and ask forgiveness for those who believe))
Al-Haafidh Ibn Katheer (rahimahullaah) said:[13] “Meaning: from the people of the earth from those who believe in the unseen. So Allaah, The Glorified, destined that His close Angels should supplicate for the believers in the absence of presence, and since this is from the characteristics of the Angels (‘alaihim as-salaatu was-salaam), they therefore say ‘Ameen’ to the supplication of the believer for his brother in the absence of presence, as is established in Saheeh Muslim:[14]
إذا دعا المسلم لأخيه بظهر الغيب قال الملك : آمين ولك بمثله
((When the Muslim supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, the Angel says: ‘Ameen – and for you be the like of it.’))”
Al-Haafidh Ibn Katheer said likewise:[15] “Since their characteristic is this pure trait, they in turn love whoever is distinguished by this attribute – and so they supplicate, it is established in the hadeeth from As-Saadiq al-Masdooq[16] that he said:
إذا دعا العبد لأخيه بظهر الغيب قال الملك : آمين ولك بمثل
((When the servant supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, the Angel says: ‘Ameen – and for you be the like.’))”[17]
Supplicating for the Believers in the Absence of Presence is From the Way of the Messengers
Shaikh ‘Uthaimeen (rahimahullaah) said: “Allaah, The Most High, said when informing of Ibraheem (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam):
رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ
((Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers on the Day when the reckoning will be established.)) (Ibraheem: 41)
So His saying:
وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
((and the believers))
This is a supplication for the believers in the absence of presence. Therefore, supplicating for the believers in the absence of presence is from the ways of the Messengers (‘alaihim as-salaatu was-salaam) and so from that we supplicate for our brothers in our prayer in the absence of presence, all of us say: peace and security upon us and upon all of Allaah’s righteous servants, this is a supplication, and the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) stated:
فَإِنَّكُمْ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ سَلَّمْتُمْ عَلَى كُلِّ عَبْدٍ لِلَّهِ صَالِحٍ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ
((Indeed when you do that; then you have surely sent salutation upon every righteous servant of Allaah in the heaven and the earth.))[18]
So when you say:
السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ
((Peace and security upon us and upon all of Allaah’s righteous servants))
Then this is a supplication for your brothers in the absence of presence.”[19]
Supplicating for Others Stems From Those Who Possess Sound Hearts – and is a Sign of the Truthfulness of Eemaan
Shaikh ‘Abdul-‘Azeez bin Baaz (rahimahullaah) said: “In the authentic hadeeth, he (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) said:
ما من مؤمن يدعو لأخيه بظهر الغيب إلا قال الملك الموكل: آمين ولك بمثله
((There is no believer who supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, except that the commissioned Angel says: ‘Ameen – and for you be the like of it.’))
So the supplication of the Muslim for his Muslim brother in the absence of presence is answered. Therefore you O my brother are upon good if you supplicate for your brother, you benefit him and you benefit yourself. The Angel says ‘Ameen’ and supplicates for you saying:
ولك بمثله
((and for you be the like of it.))
Therefore if you say: ‘O Allaah; forgive so and so, O Allaah; rectify his heart and his action, O Allaah; make his affairs easy for him, O Allaah; grant him righteous offspring, a righteous wife, beneficial knowledge.’ You supplicate for your brother with that which you see to be appropriate, and the appointed Angel says:
آمين ولك بمثله
((Ameen – and for you be the like of it.))
This in reality is something which only occurs from those of sound hearts, and is desirous of good, loving good, for indeed it signifies on account of these issues; that which is in their hearts from mildness and love and longing for that which is with Allaah and sincere counsel towards the servants of Allaah. So he supplicates for himself, and supplicates for his Muslim brothers.”[20]
Shaikh ‘Uthaimeen (rahimahullaah) said: “Supplicating for your brother in the absence of presence – meaning in the state of his absence, supplication in the absence of presence is indicative as clear proof of the truthfulness of Eemaan, because the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) said:
لاَ يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ، حَتَّى يُحِبَّ لِأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ
((None of you [truly] believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.))[21]
So if you supplicate for your brother in the absence of presence without any instruction from him, then this is a proof of your love for him, and that you love for him – by way of good – that which you love for yourself.”[22]
Examples of How the Salaf Would Supplicate for One Another in This Manner
1 Umm Dardaa said: “Abu Dardaa had three hundred and sixty close friends (beloved) for the sake of Allaah, he would supplicate for them in the prayer.”[23]
2 Abu Dardaa (radhiyallaahu ‘anhu) said: “Indeed I seek forgiveness for seventy of my brothers in my prostration, I name them by the names of their fathers.”[24]
3 Al-Fudhayl bin ‘Iyaad (rahimahullaah) said: “If I had a supplication which was to be answered, then I would not make it except for the ruler.”[25]
4 Imaam Abu Haneefah (rahimahullaah) said: “I have not prayed a prayer since Hammaad died except that I seek forgiveness for him along with my parents, and indeed I seek forgiveness for whoever I learnt knowledge from – or for whom I taught knowledge to.”[26]
5 Yahyaa bin Sa’eed al-Qattaan said: “I supplicate for Ash-Shaafi’ee – I specify him with regard to it.”[27]
6 Yahyaa bin Sa’eed said also: “I have supplicated in my prayer for Ash-Shaafi’ee since forty years.”[28]
7 ‘Abdullaah bin Ahmad bin Hanbal said to his father: “O my father; what kind of man was Ash-Shaafi’ee? For indeed I have heard you supplicate for him a great deal.” So he said: “O my son, Ash-Shaafi’ee was like the sun for the world and like vitality for the people. So is there for these two a successor or a substitute?”[29]
8 The son of Imaam Ash-Shaafi’ee (rahimahumullaah) said: “Ahmad bin Hanbal said to me: ‘Your father is one of six for whom I supplicate in the early dawn.’”[30]
9 Al-Maimooni said: I heard Ahmad bin Hanbal say: “There are six (people) for whom I supplicate in the early dawn, one of them is Ash-Shaafi’ee.”[31]
10 ‘Abdullaah bin Ahmad bin Hanbal (rahimahumullaah) said: “Sometimes I would hear my father in the early dawn supplicating for some people – mentioning them by their names.”[32]
11 ‘Abbaas bin Muhammad ad-Dawri stated, ‘Ali bin Abee Haraarah – a neighbour of ours narrated to me saying: “My mother had been disabled for around twenty years, so one day she said to me: ‘go to Ahmad bin Hanbal, and ask him to call upon Allaah for me.’ So I proceeded to him and so I knocked on his door, and he was in his hallway so he did not open it for me, and he said: ‘who is this?’ I said: ‘I am a man from the people of such and such an area, my mother asked me – and she has been disabled for some time; that I should ask you to call upon Allaah for her.’ So I heard his mode of expression being the speech of an angry man, he said: ‘We are in greater need that she should call upon Allaah for us.’ So I turned back to leave, when an old woman came out from his house and she said: ‘Are you the one who spoke to Abu ‘Abdillaah?’ I said ‘yes’ she said: ‘I left him calling upon Allaah for her.’ He said: so I promptly came home and then I knocked the door, and she (my mother) came out walking on her legs – so that she opened the door and she said: ‘Allaah has indeed bestowed well-being upon me.’”[33]
12 Ishaaq bin Raahawaih (rahimahullaah) said: “Seldom will a night pass except that in it I supplicate for whoever wrote (knowledge) from us and for whoever we wrote from.”[34]
13 Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Al-Fadl al-Balkhi said, I heard my father say: “The eyes of Muhammad bin Isma’eel (Al-Bukhaaree) ceased to work (i.e. he lost vision) during his infancy, so his mother saw Ibraheem Al-Khaleel (‘alaihis salaam) in a dream and he said to her: ‘O individual; Allaah has indeed restored for your son his sight due to the abundance of your weeping or the abundance of your supplication.’ So we arose in the morning, and Allaah had indeed restored his sight for him.”[35]
14 ‘Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Abee Haatim said: “I saw in the book of ‘Abdur-Rahmaan bin ‘Umar al-Asbahaani – well known as: Rustah; to Abee Zur’ah in his own handwriting stating:
((Know, may Allaah have mercy upon you, that indeed I scarcely forget you in supplicating for you during my night and my day that: the Muslims should be gratified with your prolonged continuance. For indeed the people do not cease to be sound for as long as there remains he who is acquainted with knowledge and its truth from its falsehood, and truly; Allaah has made you to be from them.))”[36]
15 Zakariya bin ‘Adiy said: As-Salt bin Bistaam at-Tameemee (rahimahullaah) would sit in the gathering of Abee Khabbaab and so would supplicate after ‘Asr on a Friday. So they sat one day supplicating, whereupon some water (moisture) descended into his eyes, and then his sight went. So they supplicated and mentioned his sight in their supplications. So when it was just before sunset, he sneezed, and thereupon; he could see with his eyes and behold; Allaah had indeed restored his sight. Zakariya said: his son said to me: Hafs bin Ghayaath said to me: “I saw the people in the evening when they exited the Masjid along with your father – they were congratulating him.”[37]
16 Al-Khateeb al-Baghdadi mentioned: Abu Hamdoon used to have a page on which was written (the names of) three hundred of his friends, and he used to supplicate for them every night. So one night he left them and slept, so it was said to him in his sleep: “O Abaa Hamdoon, your lamps have not been lit tonight.” So he sat up and lit the lamp, and took the page and then supplicated for each person – one by one, until he finished.[38]
To Conclude
Supplicating for others in the absence of presence has been the way of the believers – past and present, and is beneficial in the life of this world as well as in the Hereafter, as Shaikh ul Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah stated: “That in which there is no doubt, is that action with the obedience of Allaah, The Most High, and the supplication of the believers – some of them for others and the like of that is beneficial in worldly life as well as in the Hereafter, and that is by the Bounty of Allaah and His Mercy.”[39]
Therefore the believers supplicate for one another, generation after generation, whether they are contemporaries – as has been preceded or are from those that come after them, they supplicate for one another – desiring by way of that good for themselves and for their brothers in faith. Allaah, The Most High, said:
وَالَّذِينَ جَاءُوا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيمَانِ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلًّا لِّلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ
((And those who came after them say: “Our Lord, forgive us and our brethren who preceded us in faith, and put not in our hearts any resentment against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed Compassionate and Kind, Merciful.”)) (Al-Hashr: 10)
Shaikh ‘Abdur-Rahmaan as-Sa’dee (rahimahullaah) said: “This supplication is inclusive of all of the believers, the foremost from the companions and those before them and those after them, and this is from the virtues of Eemaan in that the believers – some of them benefit by way of others, and some of them supplicate for others.”[40]
Ibn al-Qayyim (rahimahullaah) mentioned: “Indeed; if one seeks forgiveness for his brothers, then he has truly shown excellence towards them, and Allaah does not cause the reward of the doers of good to go to waste.”[41]
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[1] Kitaab ar-Rooh vol 2 p.383
[2] Reported by Muslim (no.6864)
[3] Reported by Muslim (no.6865)
[4] Reported by Muslim (no.6866)
[5] Reported with this wording by Abu Dawood (no.1534). It was declared Saheeh (authentic) by Shaikh Al-Albaanee in his Saheeh Sunan Abee Dawood (no.1534).
[6] ‘Awn al-Ma’bood vol 4 p.393-394 – with slight abridgement.
[7] Sharh Saheeh Muslim vol 17 p.51
[8] Qaa’idah Jaleelah fee at-Tawassul wal-Waseelah p.263
[9] As occurs in the hadeeth of the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam) in which he said: ((When you hear the mu’adhin, then say the like of what he says, then invoke salaat upon me, for indeed whoever invokes a single salaat upon me; Allaah will make salaat upon him ten times due to it. Then ask Allaah for Al-Waseelah for me, for it is indeed a rank in Paradise that does not befit except for a servant from the servants of Allaah, and I hope that it is me. So whoever asks Allaah that I be given the Waseelah, then my intercession will be permitted for him.)) Reported by Muslim (no.384).
[10] Majmu’ Fataawa vol 27 p.69
[11] Ad-Du’aa al-Ma’thoor wa Adaabuhu p.34
[12] Al-Mufhim vol 7 p.61-62
[13] Tafseer al-Quraan al-Adheem vol 6 p.187
[14] As hadeeth number 6864, it appears in Saheeh Muslim with the wording: ((There is no Muslim servant who supplicates for his brother in the absence of presence, except that the Angel says: ‘and for you be the like.’))
[15] Al-Bidaayah wan-Nihaayah vol 1 p.112
[16] The honest one – the one declared as truthful who is believed – i.e. the Prophet (sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam).
[17] Reported by Muslim, see footnote 14
[18] Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (no.1202)
[19] Sharh Riyaadh us-Saaliheen vol 6 p.47
[20] Sharh Riyadh us Saaliheen Shaikh bin Baaz (no.469) chapter: the virtue of supplicating in the absence of presence – under hadeeth 1494-1495.
[21] Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (no.13) and Muslim (no.4912)
[22] Sharh Riyadh us Saaliheen vol 6 p.45
[23] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 2 p.351
[24] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 9 p.55
[25] Sharh as-Sunnah (Al-Barbahaaree) p.113, Hilyatul Awliyaa vol 8 p.91-92, Jaami’ Bayaan al-‘Ilm wa fadhlihi vol 1 p.184. Al-Fudhayl bin ‘Iyaad further explained his reason for supplicating for the ruler by saying: “If I made it for myself; it would not go beyond me, and if I made it for the ruler, he is rectified and so by way of his rectitude the servants and the land are rectified.”
[26] Ta’reekh Baghdad vol 13 p.334, Tahdheeb al-Asmaa wa al-Lughaat vol 2 p.218
[27] Manaaqib Ash-Shaafi’ee vol 2 p.243, Ta’reekh al-Islaam vol 14 p.314
[28] Manaaqib Ash-Shaafi’ee vol 2 p.244, see also: Al-Jarh wa at-Ta’deel vol 7 p.202
[29] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 10 p.45
[30] Ta’reekh Baghdad vol 3 p.198, Ta’reekh Dimashq vol 51 p.348
[31] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 10 p.45, Ta’reekh Dimashq vol 51 p.347
[32] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 11 p.223
[33] Manaaqib al-Imaam Ahmad p.370, Ta’reekh Dimashq vol 5 p.299, Al-Bidaayah wan-Nihaayah vol 14 p.393
[34] Fathul Mugheeth vol 3 p.259
[35] Siyar A’laam an-Nubalaa vol 12 p.393, Tabaqaat al-Hanaabilah vol 1 p.274, Hadiy as-Saari p.669.
[36] Abridged from Al-Jarh wa at-Ta’deel vol 1 p.341. Some twenty years ago, late one night in the library of Daarul Hadeeth Dammaaj, when searching for a book; I came across a work by one of the scholars of Saudi Arabia, upon opening the front cover; on the endpaper there appeared a hand written inscription from the author to our Shaikh; Al-‘Allaamah Muqbil bin Haadi al-Waadi’ee (rahimahullaah), the closing line before the signature stated: “From the one who has supplicated for you from a bygone era.”
[37] Mujabey ad-Da’wah p.79, Ta’reekh Dimashq vol 64 p.140
[38] Ta’reekh Baghdad vol 9 p.361
[39] Majmu’ Fataawa vol 27 p.96
[40] Tayseer al-Kareem ar-Rahmaan p.852
[41] Kitaab ar-Rooh vol 2 p.397
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